Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Bhanu Gupta Author-Name-First: Bhanu Author-Name-Last: Gupta Author-Email: bhanu.gupta@ashoka.edu.in Author-Workplace-Name: Ashoka University Author-Name: Tejaswi Velayudhan Author-Name-First: Tejaswi Author-Name-Last: Velayudhan Author-Email: tvelayud@uci.edu Author-Workplace-Name: University of California, Irvine Author-Name: Prince Dhawan Author-Name-First: Prince Author-Name-Last: Dhawan Author-Email: princedhawan@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Government of NCTD Author-Name: Ankur Garg Author-Name-First: Ankur Author-Name-Last: Garg Author-Email: gargankur1980@gmail.com Author-Workplace-Name: Government of NCTD Title: Limits to VAT Self-Enforcement: Role of Network Frictions in Compliance Abstract: The Value-Added Tax incentivizes taxpayers to self-enforce compliance within a supply chain. Combining administrative tax data and a randomized experiment in New Delhi nudging on-time payment, we show that the same incentives that create positive compliance spillovers can constrain enforcement when suppliers are delinquent, because influencing supplier behavior is costly. While nudges increase compliance by 8 percent on average, only taxpayers with high compliance in their supplier network respond. Taxpayers file on time, yet lower net tax payments and continue buying from delinquent suppliers. Our findings highlight how the effectiveness and distributional burden of enforcement depends on production networks. length: 67 Creation-Date: 20250916 Revision-Date: Publication-Status: File-URL:/www/wwwashokaeduin_628/public/dp/RePEc/ash/wpaper/paper155_0.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 155 Handle: RePEc:ash:wpaper:155